Explain the Theory of Natural Law - 1808 Words

January 2001 Explain the theory of Natural law (25 marks) The theory of natural law originates from Aristotle’s idea of goodness as fitness for purpose and stoic’s concept of a universal law of reason which is in agreement with nature. What we now call human nature. This point is then furthered by Aquinas who agrees with the argument but furthers it by linking it with his Christian belief by saying following this law is equivalent to following the command of God as human nature is in us inbuilt into us from when God created us. Aristotle believed that every object has a specific purpose and function and that its supreme good is to fulfil that purpose. This includes humans, Aristotle believes that humans also have a purpose and function†¦show more content†¦Aquinas didn’t think about circumstances and situations as he said the primary precepts are objectively true for everyone and that using our reason we can find the answer in every situation by using this principle making this absolute. It has since been updated by implementing the doctrine of double effect. This is idea that in some situations you have to do a bad action in order to achieve a good consequence. For example if a woman has cancer but is pregnant as well it is fine to give her chemotherapy as it will save her life even though it will kill her unborn foetus as the action or intention isn’t meant to kill the baby but to save the life of the mother. The theory of natural law can be argued that it is out of date and should be updated with the ever developing world and our developing understanding of human nature. As previously it was acceptable for someone to kill one another however it goes against the precepts of preserving human life and to live in an ordered peaceful society. Also the idea of using contraception in order to prevent the spreading of STD’s and HIV/AIDS not to prevent the production of a child but as it goes against the precept of reproduction its wrong. Overall the concept of natural law is to establish a standard of morality which is independent of Gods will as Gods will is shown through eternal law which is whereShow MoreRelatedExplain Natural Law Theory Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesExplain Natural Law theory In this essay, I will discuss the theories behind Natural Law, as well as the qualities it is seen to possess. I will explain Aquinas’ concepts and theory on Natural Law, discussing eudaimonia and the doctrine of the double effect. Finally, I will reflect on some of the positive and negative aspects, in summarising Natural Law theory. It is important to highlight that Natural Laws differ from acts which occur naturally. There are many aspects to Natural Law, the firstRead MoreExplain Finnis’ Natural Law Theory Essay757 Words   |  4 PagesExplain Finnis’ Natural Law Theory (30 marks) John Finnis, an Australian legal philosopher has tried to resurrect the natural law tradition in moral philosophy and law since the mid-1960s. He tries to offer a neo-Aquinian natural law philosophy which does not presuppose a divine being. By focusing attention on goods rather than a single Good, Finnis skilfully articulates what he calls a theory of moral action for our day. Or, in other words, he seeks a theory of how to live well. Finnis identifiesRead MoreDisadvantages Of H. L. Harts Theory1657 Words   |  7 Pageslegal theory, which describes what the law is, this being the dominant question raised by legal philosophy2. The pivotal tenets of positivism in general are that law is a set of exhaustive rules and the validity of such is due to their method of adoption, not content. This essay analyses the advantages of H.L.A Hart’s theory against Austin’s classical positivism, as Hart’s method brought clarity and sophistication to Austin’s theory. Furth er, the advantage of Hart’s ‘minimum content of natural law’Read MoreMoral Theories Of Human Rights1614 Words   |  7 PagesMaster of Human Rights Peace and Development What do you understand under the philosophy of human rights and the reality of moral theories? PROF G. MENELICK : PHR 500 Laurelle Mbaradza 160563 Date _______________________________11 February 2017 ABSTRACT The paper gives a roadmap on the foundations of human rights from the mediaeval to modern times. It explains the need for one to understand the philosophical foundations of human rights so that one can adequately understand human rightsRead MoreThe Divine Command Theory And The Natural Law Theory Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pagesthat have this ability since animals cannot differentiate between right and wrong. (Pisemenny, 2016) Two theories were developed that linked morality and religion are the Divine Command Theory and the Natural Law Theory. In this paper, I will discuss how the Divine Command Theory and the Natural Law Theory differ and how the Natural Law Theory is more effective. The Divine Command Theory is a theory that was analyzed by many philosophers and it is believed mainly by Christians, Jews, and Muslims. (RachelsRead MoreScientific Theory Essay642 Words   |  3 PagesScientific Theory A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspects of the natural world, based on a body of knowledge that has been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Scientist creates scientific theories from hypothesis that have been corroborated through the scientific method, then gather evidence to test their accuracy. The strength of a scientific theory is related to the diversity of phenomena it can explain, which is measured by its ability to makeRead MoreWhat Makes A Right Act Right And Wrong Act Wrong?1444 Words   |  6 Pagesbest idea of what makes right acts right and wrong acts wrong. In this essay I will argue that an act is right if it accords with the natural law and wrong if it violates the natural law. I will defend Aquinas view by talking about how Aquinas came up with his idea, what Aquinas means by natural law, and backing up Aquinas theory by using Kant and Aristotle theories. Overall, Aquinas was a unique philosopher because he studied the works Immanuel Kant and Aristotle views of right and wrong actsRead MoreThe Second World War1598 Words   |  7 Pagesthat they weren’t guilty of a crime as they were obeying the law of Nazi Germany . Consequently, the trial revived the broader question of whether laws which are inherently immoral can be considered valid law. Moreover, the trial generated fresh debate within jurisprudence, in turn leading many to criticise the previously prominent ideas of Legal Positivism , which in layman’s terms separated law from morality and credited as valid law any bill provided it had gone through the recognised legislativeRead MoreThe Pursuit of a Theory of Everything1489 Words   |  6 PagesA belief in the unifying principles that underlie all natural phenomena was first articulated by Aristotle, who proposed all matter stems from the four elements of nature: earth, air, fire, and water (Duft). The search fo r such principles has since evolved considerably, yet the firmly rooted interest in a fundamental unification persists. Unification is defined as attempts to explain several principles according to one definition or equation. 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Eating Disorders in Teenagers Essay - 511 Words

Eating Disorders in Teenagers Eating disorders are a growing problem in teenagers of today. According to an Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders (ANAD) study, eighty-six percent of eating disorder victims report their problem before the age of twenty. The two main types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that usually strikes women. There are about seven million women who have anorexia, and many of them will die of complications. This disease is defined as self-starvation, leading to a body weight that is 15% below normal. Accompanied with the weight loss are hyperactivity, hypothermia, and amenorrhea. Hypothermia is when the bodys natural†¦show more content†¦There are two sub-types of anorexia nervosa. The first is the restricting type. People fitting this type do not engage in binge eating or purging. The second type, binge eating/purging, is exactly the opposite. The victim does engage in binge eating and purging. One in ten cases of anorexia leads to death, either by starvation, cardiac arrest, or suicide. There are many other less serious physical complications of anorexia. Victims may suffer from dry skin, brittle nails, hypothermia, and anemia, just to name a few. Anorexia does not just cause physical problems. Psychological complications are also often obvious in anorexia victims. Th e majority of individuals with anorexia also suffer from clinical depression. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, an illness characterized by repetitive thoughts and behaviors, can also accompany anorexia. Individuals with anorexia are typically compliant in personality but may have sudden outbursts of hostility and anger or become socially withdrawn. Bulimia nervosa is the other most common eating disorder. This disorder is also most common in women. It is defined as an illness involving uncontrolled episodes of overeating, or binging, usually followed by self-induced vomiting, or purging. These episodes may occur several times a day. The affected person usually realizes that something is wrong, and may feel guilty about the binge/purge episodes. Like anorexia, thereShow MoreRelatedEating disorders amongst teenagers900 Words   |  4 PagesEating disorders amongst teenagers The initial step I took in my search for books on my topic was by writing into Deakin library home page search engine: ‘eating disorders teenagers.’ I was then able to narrow down the results by clicking onto the books only selection on the left hand side of the page. As I was searching from home, I clicked on the Internet option over the physical book. By clicking onto the Ebook Library (owned titles) under the ‘status’ category, it opened up another windowRead MoreTeenagers Are Suffering With Multiple Eating Disorders1484 Words   |  6 PagesIn America, many teenagers are suffering with multiple eating disorders. Once they begin to monitor what to eat, they tend to perform many exercise routines followed by the lack of not eating, these situations should be alarming to the parent that something is not right. Thus, what can we do to resolve this situation among teens? Parents should first become informed towards the issue which their child is facing and take action immediately to save their child from the dangerous activities. It is importantRead MoreEating Disorders Among Teenagers: Annotated Bibliography1915 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction This research task is based on the prevalence of eating disorders amongst teenage girls in our School amongst the ages of 15-18. This is a valid topic as being a teenage female in an all-girls school; it is a very easily relatable topic. I am interested to find out about the prevalence of eating disorders in my school and ultimately in helping the girls who are suffering from a disorder and are not getting the sufficient help that is needed when one if suffering from Bulimia or AnorexiaRead MoreEating Disorders Among Teenagers And Young Adults1007 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough life everyday, and you might be surprised by the fact that at least one of your peers could be experiencing this. Eating disorders affect thousands of teens and young adults around the world, especially young girls just like you. They are serious emotional disorders that can threaten your self-esteem, your relationships, your health and maybe even your life. Eating disorders are among the most challenging condi tions anyone can face, especially when that person refuses to tell anyone about itRead More Eating Disorders Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Eating disorders are psychological problems marked by an obsession with food and weight. There are four general categories of eating disorders these are; Anorexia nervosa, Binge eating and Bulimia nervosa. However this disorder affects individuals of various age groups; it has become more popular among teenagers these days. For the purpose of this research plan the writer will focus on age group of ages 15 to 19 because teenagers most vulnerable to eating disorders fall into thisRead MoreMedia s Effect On Teenage Girls1196 Words   |  5 Pagessociety defines as the ideal body. As a teenager one wants to fit in with the most popular group. Recent movies like â€Å"Mean girls† and â€Å"16 wishes† have shown the role of the popular girl to be thin, beautiful, and smart. As a media consumer, females assume that if they achieve this look they will become popular as well. Many teenagers go through stressing situations in order to accomplish the ideal body image. For ins tance, many teenagers develop eating disorders or go through plastic surgery. TodayRead MoreGlobalization of Eating Disorders1382 Words   |  6 PagesThe Globalization of Eating Disorders Eating disorders are a huge problem across the nation. Some of these disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia-nervosa, binge eating, and body dysmorphic disorder. Anorexia is a disorder in which subject obsesses about food and how much they eat, while a Bulimic person eats an excessive amount of food, then purges. People affected by these disorders are obsessed with food however; they do not want the calories, so they eat as much as they can, then throw itRead MoreEating Disorders And Body Image1613 Words   |  7 Pages Eating disorders and body image Cenia Xu Father Michael Mcgivney Catholic Academy Effects of Eating disorders have on teenagers Every day, teenagers are surrounded by different messages from different sources that impact the way they feel about the way they look. For some, poor body image is a sign of a serious problem: an eating disorder. Eating disorders are not just about food.The eating disorders containRead MoreEssay on Photo-shopped Lies1050 Words   |  5 PagesThis affects the way teens see themselves resulting in drastic measures such as eating disorders, cosmetic surgery, and bullying one another for being different. The first case of an eating disorder recognized medically was in 1873 (â€Å"Key Events†). The eating disorder was anorexia nervosa and was associated with one’s personal physiological factors. In this time period, it was unknown that a lot of cases of eating disorders was not an exclusively a mental illness, but a result of society’s impacts onRead MoreAnorexia Bulimia: Why Are American Teens Starving Themselves?1533 Words   |  7 Pages Image is very crucial for a teenager; the pressure of school and fitting in with there classmates and friends can be very difficult for a teenager. It is when a teenager starts taking image to the extreme and starts harming themselves by starving themselves. More and more teenagers are becoming anorexic and bulimic and it is not only affecting girls but boys are starting to come out and say they have an eating disorder. Anorexia and bulimia is a disorder that can not be taken lightly and needs

Miracle of Jesus free essay sample

Miracles Of Jesus A miracle is an extraordinary and surprising happening that may not be explained by normal standards and is therefore attributed to the presence and action of a supernatural or divine power. Jesus Christ Himself was a miracle. From the manner of His Birth, to His Resurrection, and everything in between, He lived a wonderfully miraculous life entirely unlike any other human. A miracle is an unusual event which may or may not bring with it surprise.A miracle is also a significant event, and hopefully to a good purpose. And a miracle can be done to authenticate a person and his or her message. # Throughout the bible Jesus Christ has preformed a great deal of miracles. The miracles that I am going to cover in this essay is the miracle of making water into wine, the feeding of the crowd of 5000+, and the resurrection of Lazarus. There was a wedding that was held at Cana in Galilee, Jesus, his mother, and his disciples were all attending the wedding. We will write a custom essay sample on Miracle of Jesus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Evidently many of the people had traveled a great distance to hear Jesus. When Jesus arrived, Jesus had found that Lazarus had already been in the tomb for four days. Lazarus had many friends who were still there grieving with Martha and Mary the sisters of Lazarus. Jesus himself was affected, as described in the simple verse, Jesus wept. Jesus tells the disciples â€Å"They do no need to go away. You give the something to eatâ€Å"#, and he asks Philip where they should buy bread to feed the people . Jesus was testing Philip.He already knew what he was going to do. This was a test designed to teach. Jesus wanted them to deal with their own thoughts and their own solutions before he shows them what he is going to do. His goal was for them to come to him and ask him to do it. The master of the banquet had no idea were the wine had come from. He called for the bridegroom aside and said â€Å"Everyone brings out the choice wine first and then the cheaper wine after the guest have had to much to drink; but you have saved the best till now. # This was the first of the incredible signs, Jesus performed in Galilee. After a bri Some topics in this essay: Galilee Jesus, Jesus Jesus, Jesus Christ, Birth Resurrection, Lazarus Jesus, Immediately Lazarus, Lazarus Bethany, Jesus Martha, God Jesus, jesus christ, Lazarus Apparently, jesus christ miracle, master banquet, miracle talk, lazarus jesus, lazarus sick, feed crowd, resurrection lazarus, miracles jesus, christ miracle, days lazarus,

Strategic Decision Making Essay Example For Students

Strategic Decision Making Essay In a dynamic and uncertain environment, Strategic Decision Making Essay is important because it can provide managers with a systematic and comprehensive means for taking into account the external environment, focusing on an organisations strength, minimising weaknesses, and identifying opportunities in which an organisation can have a competitive advantage. However, the decision may still fail if it is not implemented properly. Implementation causes the chosen course of action to be carried out within the organisation. It is that moment in the total decision-making process when the choice is transformed from an abstraction into and operational activity. Harrison (1999, p. 39) We will write a custom essay on Strategic Decision Making specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Implementation a strategic decision includes conveying the decision to those affected and getting their commitment to it. It is an integral component of successful decision making and attaining managerial objectives. No matter how effective strategic planning has been, it cannot succeed if it is not implemented properly. Without effective implementation of a decision, the outcome may not be according to desired results. Harrison (p.40) comments management can determine how implementation affects the intended outcome inherent in the managerial objective. Paul Nutt (1998) research report into the; Leverage, Resistance and the Success Of Implementation Approaches, asserts that there is limited investigations into the success of decision implementation. Nutt (1998, p.213) argues that analysis of decision cases will explore the following crucial factors involved in successful decision implementation. 1.How managers go about implementing strategic decisions 2.Are implementation approaches different between top and middle managers 3. Do top and middle managers use these approaches in similar proportions. Nutt (1998 p. 213) identified four distinct implementation approaches: Intervention, Participation, Persuasion and Edict that were being used by top and middle management. Nutt (p. 235) argues that intervention is the best way to implement strategic decisions The following paper will compare and contrast these four implementation approaches and argue the reason as to why intervention is a more valuable way for managers to be successful in implementing strategic decisions and attaining managerial objectives. Firstly, it is important to note that the four implementation approaches, their frequency of use by top and middle managers, and their success demonstrates how managers implement strategic decisions and the outcomes to be achieved. Nutt (p. 223) argues that top and middle management were using the same types of approaches but in different proportions and with different results. Therefore Nutts analyses of the research findings are predominantly discussed as differences between top and middle management which concluded that top managers seemed to be more successful mainly because of the implementation approach they used. The study measured success by three main indicators; Adoption, Value and efficiency. Nutt (p.220) defined these three success indicators as follows: Adoption: Is if a decision is put to use. Based on other research conducted by scholars two measures were created called sustained and complete adoption. Sustained adoption adds ultimate adoption and deletes ultimate rejections Value: Are the benefits the decision has to the organisation. Measured by secondary informants being asked to provide value ratings. A questionnaire with an anchored scale with five anchors was used to collect the ratings. The scale anchors defined as a rating of 5 as outstanding and a rating of 1 as poor. Efficiency: The duration taken to implement the decision. Obtained by a questionnaire asking to determine the time from need recognition to development of the plan and the elapsed time from the development of the plan to full use or abandonment of the plan. This was then calculated by the sum of these two measures times by the measures in months, averaged over the estimates made by the informants. .